02 Aug 2025
Understanding the Causes of Pigmentation: Friction, Hormones, and More. One of the most common skin problems of both men and women these days is pigmentation. In the guise of dark spots, patches, or discolouration, pigmentation can impact confidence as well as the overall look of the skin. But to treat pigmentation properly, we must understand the reasons behind it. In this blog, we are going to break down the number one causes of skin pigmentation and give you expert skin care tips for a glow and a clear complexion.
1. Sun Exposure – The No.1 Pigmentation Trigger.
Extended exposure to sunlight, including UV radiation, is a significant cause of hyperpigmentation. As your skin receives sunlight, it liberates melanin as a natural protective measure. Still, excess production of melanin can lead to dark spots, tanning, and mottled colouration of the skin.
Solution:
Apply a broad-spectrum sunscreen with SPF 30+ daily, even indoors. Repeat every 2–3 hours for maximum protection. Use antioxidant-enriched skincare (e.g., Vitamin C) to counteract pigmentation due to UV radiation.
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2. Friction & Mechanical Irritation
Underarms, thighs, neck, and elbows are typical areas of friction pigmentation. Repeated friction from tight clothing, waxing, or shaving causes rubbing friction, leading to inflammation and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH).
Solution: Wear loose and soft clothes to minimise friction. Employ mild hair removal methods. Exfoliate daily using mild acids like lactic acid or salicylic acid to remove dead skin cells and whiten the area.
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3. Hormonal Changes
Hormonal fluctuations, especially pregnancy, use of the pill, or thyroid disease, can trigger melasma—a pigmentation that is common on cheeks, forehead, and upper lip. This happens when estrogen and progesterone stimulate excessive melanin production, particularly in combination with exposure to UV rays.
Solution:
Consult a dermatologist for professional advice. Add niacinamide, arbutin, and retinol-based night creams to your routine for targeted pigmentation treatment. Use sunscreen daily to prevent irritation.
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4. Post-Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation (PIH)
PIH is the aftermath of skin injuries, acne, or aggressive treatments. The skin overproduces pigment to heal, which can take weeks or months to clear up on its own. Solution: Avoid picking or scrubbing active acne. Use chemical exfoliants like glycolic or lactic acid to hasten cell turnover. Well-moisturise and use spot pigmentation serums.
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5. Genetic Factors & Ageing
A few individuals are genetically predisposed to pigmentation, and as one ages, age spots or liver spots occur naturally due to cumulative sun exposure and decreased cell turnover. Solution: Daily exfoliation and antioxidant serums delay the buildup of pigment. Professional chemical peels and pigmentation treatments reduce stubborn spots.
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6. Medications & Lifestyle Factors
Certain medications (like antibiotics, anti-seizure medication, or chemotherapy) and lifestyle factors like smoking or stress can cause pigmentation by inducing hormonal or inflammatory responses.
Solution:
Discuss with your doctor the possibility of replacing medication if pigmentation sets in. Maintain a healthy lifestyle, balanced diet, and skincare.
Key Takeaways:
Treating Pigmentation the Right Way.
Know the cause of pigmentation and make the first move
towards choosing the proper pigmentation treatment. Whether it is friction,
hormones, sun, or genetics, early intervention and consistent skincare can
produce visible results.
Golden Rules for Pigmentation Care:
Daily SPF is not optional.
Clinically proven ingredients like niacinamide, arbutin, kojic acid, glycolic acid, and vitamin C are necessary—chemical peels, as well as certain night creams, address persistent pigmentation. Avoid rough scrubbing or bleaching creams that damage skin.
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Conclusion
Pigmentation is a very treatable skin condition when handled with knowledge, patience, and correct skincare. With knowledge of the cause and using the correct pigmentation removal products, you can restore the natural glow and confidence of your skin.